False evidence and offenses affecting the administration of justice threaten the fairness and reliability of judicial proceedings. Deliberate lies, fabricated documents, false certificates, and the knowing use of false material can cause wrongful convictions, unjust acquittals, and loss of public confidence. This article analyses the current Indian framework under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS), the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS), and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA). It examines the legal meaning of false evidence, related offenses, the procedure for initiating prosecution, and important judicial decisions. It argues that enforcement must balance accountability with safeguards against retaliatory or unnecessary prosecution. It recommends reasoned judicial screening, reliable preservation of digital evidence, witness support, and consistent training for justice-system participants.